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    Traditional units of measurement in Mexico & Central America

    Americas · 9 documented units · reviewed 2026-07-31

    Quick answer

    Spanish colonial units still govern rural land across Mexico and Central America: the vara (~0.8359 m), the manzana (~6,988.96 m²) and the caballería.

    How measurement works in Mexico & Central America

    The manzana is the working farm-size unit in Nicaragua, Honduras, Guatemala, El Salvador and Costa Rica, defined as 10,000 square varas — which means its metric value depends on the local vara, and the vara was never uniform across the former Spanish empire.

    Mexican ejido and rural property records frequently quote frontage in varas even where area is registered in hectares, so a single deed can mix systems.

    Arroba and quintal persist in coffee, sugar and livestock trade, and quintal in particular has both a Spanish (46 kg) and a metric (100 kg) reading depending on country and commodity.

    area units of Mexico & Central America

    UnitValue in SITypical useConvert
    Manzana1 Manzana = 6,988 square metreagricultureManzanasquare metresIn-depth guide
    Caballería1 Caballería = 134,202 square metreagricultureCaballeríasquare metres
    Fanega (area)1 Fanega (area) = 6,460 square metreagricultureFanega (area)square metres
    Peonía1 Peonía = 26,840 square metreagriculturePeoníasquare metres
    Tupu1 Tupu = 2,700 square metreagricultureTupusquare metres

    mass units of Mexico & Central America

    UnitValue in SITypical useConvert
    Arroba1 Arroba = 11.5 kilogramagriculture, tradeArrobakilograms
    Quintal (Spanish)1 Quintal (Spanish) = 46 kilogramtradeQuintal (Spanish)kilograms
    Carga1 Carga = 47.5 kilogramtradeCargakilograms

    length units of Mexico & Central America

    UnitValue in SITypical useConvert
    Vara1 Vara = 0.8359 metresurveyingVarametresIn-depth guide

    Units that vary within Mexico & Central America

    • Arroba — reported range: 11.5–15 kg

    Before you convert

    • The vara ranges from about 0.835 m to 0.912 m by country; a manzana computed from the wrong vara is off by up to 15%.
    • Quintal means 46 kg in traditional Spanish usage and 100 kg in modern Latin American commodity trade — always check the contract.

    Sources

    • Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) — unidades tradicionales

    See our methodology and data provenance pages, or review published corrections.

    Other country guides